To :

• The Almighty who helped me to fulfill this work. I will praise thee, O LORD, with my whole heart; I will shrew forth all thy marvelous works.
• My dead father MALELI GABRIEL and my mother APOLINE CHIZA who struggled

a lot to raise me up to this stage.

• My sister FIFI (Da. MERKO) and her husband Papa KIMENGELE DIEU-DONNE.
• My family members: IBUTWA, KEVINE MALELI, SAFI ROSETTE M, GORETTE M, SYLVIE M, KAHINDO M, HERITIER M, CECILE M, etc.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This paper has been accomplished thanks to the contribution and sacrifices of a number of people. My gratitude is addressed to Senior Lecturer BIZIGIRE  MUFANZARA Bertin  who agreed to supervise this work. Without his best manners, precious suggestions, pieces of advice and encouragement, this paper would have not been accomplished.

I also thank all the authorities of the Bukavu Teachers Training College, particularly those of the English Department for their guidance and training. If they were not there, I could not reach this level of my studies.

My gratitude is also addressed to the following people:

My dead father MALELI GABRIEL and my mother APOLINE CHIZA , who struggled

a lot to raise me up to this stage.

My close-friends: MWANGILWA TUMAINI Espoir, MURHULA MAVUTA David, MUHINDO MINANI B, KIMANUKA ZAIROIS Jonas, ANTHONY KASEREKA KASWABANI.

I address much gratitude to my beloved SANTANO KWISILA Symphorien.

Many thanks to my relatives: Francine (France 1), JOLIE, BALINE ESTHER, DEBORA, MWAMINI.

My special thanks to all my comrades with whom we struggled for good academic

training.